With few exceptions, all bony fish require a constant source of oxygen for respiration. Dissolved oxygen is freely available in salt and freshwater and to extract this, fish pass the water through specialised gill chambers that are richly supplied with blood vessels. As the water passes over the highly convoluted surface of the gills, the oxygen passes across the thin membranes and enters the red hemoglobin cells of the blood stream.
The classification of bony fish is complex and outside the scope of this present account. Basically there are two main groups of bony fish: the Crossopterygii and Actinopterygii. The latter contains some additional small groups of distinct fish such as the Polypteridae bichirs , Acipenseridae sturgeons , Polyodontidae paddle fish and Lepisosteidae gar or pikes. It also includes the teleost fish, which are by far the most numerous of all fishes, with more than 20, species identified from a wide range of habitats—aquatic, marine, and terrestrial.
Although these species vary considerably in size, appearance and structure, they are all much lighter than primitive species, largely through the loss of heavy body armor and thickened scales. The smallest known teleost fish is the Philippine goby Pandaka pygmaea which reaches a length of just 0. In addition to the wide range of modern bony fish, a few primitive representatives still survive and, for taxonomic purposes, have been grouped together in the Crossopterygii. One of these is the coelacanth Latimera chalumnae , a large blue-gray fish that may reach a length of 6.
The lateral line is a series of sensory organs called neuromasts that helps bony fish sense vibrations and water pressure and help fish navigate and locate prey.
Home Wild Files N. Osteichthyes - Bony Fish This is the largest class of vertebrates. Orders Acipenseriformes paddlefishes, sturgeons Albuliformes bonefish Amiiformes bowfins Anguilliformes eels Ateleopodiformes Atheriniformes rainbow fishes, silversides Aulopiformes salmons Batrachoidiformes Beloniformes halfbeeks and needlefishes Beryciformes Cetomimiformes Channiformes Characiformes leporins, piranhas Clupeiformes anchovies, herrings Ctenothrissiformes Cypriniformes minnows, suckers Cyprinodontiformes killifishes Dactylopteriformes flying gurnards Elopiformes tarpons Esociformes mudminnows and pikes Gadiformes cods and hakes Gasterosteiformes pipefishes, sticklebacks Gobiesociformes Gonorhynchiformes milkfish, shellears Gymnotiformes Lampridiformes opahs, ribbonfishes.
Acipenseriformes paddlefishes, sturgeons Albuliformes bonefish Amiiformes bowfins Anguilliformes eels Ateleopodiformes Atheriniformes rainbow fishes, silversides Aulopiformes salmons Batrachoidiformes Beloniformes halfbeeks and needlefishes Beryciformes Cetomimiformes Channiformes Characiformes leporins, piranhas Clupeiformes anchovies, herrings Ctenothrissiformes Cypriniformes minnows, suckers Cyprinodontiformes killifishes Dactylopteriformes flying gurnards Elopiformes tarpons Esociformes mudminnows and pikes Gadiformes cods and hakes Gasterosteiformes pipefishes, sticklebacks Gobiesociformes Gonorhynchiformes milkfish, shellears Gymnotiformes Lampridiformes opahs, ribbonfishes.
Lophiiformes anglerfishes Mormyriformes Mugiliformes mullets Myctophiformes Notacanthiformes spiny eels, halosaurs Ophidiiformes Osmeriformes Argentines, smelts Osteoglossiformes bonytongues Pegasiformes dragonfishes, sea moths Perciformes perch-like fishes Percopsiformes trout-perches Pleuronectiformes flounders, soles Polymixiiformes Polypteriformes birchers, lobed-finned pike Saccopharyngiformes Salmoniformes salmons Scorpaeniformes scorpion fishes, sculpins Semionotiformes gars Siluriformes catfishes Stephanoberyciformes Stomiiformes Synbranchiformes swamp eels Syngnathiformes pipefishes, seahorses Tetraodontiformes puffers, triggerfishes Zeiformes boarfishes, dories.
LightHawk: Destination Conservation E. Some, like the seahorse, are oviparous, meaning the eggs are fertilized in the parent who feeds them from a yolk sac. Among seahorses, the male carries the offspring until they are born. The first fish-like creatures appeared over million years ago. Bony fish and cartilaginous fish diverged into separate classes about million years ago. Cartilaginous species are sometimes seen as more primitive, and for good reason.
The evolutionary appearance of bony fish eventually led to land-dwelling vertebrates with bony skeletons. And the gill structure of bony fish gill was a feature that would eventually evolve into air-breathing lungs. Bony fishes are therefore a more direct ancestor to humans. Actively scan device characteristics for identification. Use precise geolocation data.
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Reproduction and Offspring. Evolutionary History.
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