Each valve type has its own playing qualities; however, none will ever play as open as the straight Tenor Trombones. The extra tubing will usually come in two different configurations open or closed wrap. The length of the tube will be the same but normally the open wrap trombones have a slightly more open feel when using the valve section due to fewer sharp bends and straighter tubing. The Valve section normally is in F, so if you play a note engaging the rotor in 1st position slide all the way in , it will sound like you are playing an F in 6th position.
Due to the extra manufacturing these trombones can be a bit more expensive then the straight tenor trombones. The Bass Trombone This is bigger then the tenor trombone with the valve attachment. It has the largest bell of the common trombone family ranging from 9. It also features the largest bore of the common trombones.
Bass Trombones can vary in the number of valves attached to it. Some bass trombones still only have the 1 valve like the tenor trombone or now most commonly are found with 2.
The instrument itself is larger to aid projection and how loud you can play especially when playing down low. There are a few reasons why people play a single valve bass trombone with the weight of two valves being the main one. With two Valve attached the bass trombone is a lot heavier and more expensive than the single valve bass. There are two types of 2nd valve: Dependant requires the 1 st valve to be engaged to work.
This is useful just for the notes that cannot be played in tune with one trigger like low B. Independent valve system is the most popular option with professionals due to offering the performer an extra set of slide positions to aid tuning and make easy slide changes. What is an alto Trombone? An Alto Trombone is the smallest common trombone, these first started out in the 16th through to the 18th Century as the highest voice in the trombone section.
Pitched in Eb fourth higher than the standard tenor trombone, this instrument has made a revival recently especially in the education sector. This instrument type is becoming more popular due to it being shorter and lighter than the normal tenor trombone as it allows younger children to take up the Trombone.
The name is misleading, because the instrument is actually pitched in Bb , just like the tenor trombone. These modifications make the sound darker and richer in the low register, but less precise and clear in the higher register. The first valve transposes the instrument into F and is identical to the F attachment on the tenor trombone see below. If you engage both valves at the same time this transposes the instrument to Db and D respectively.
In the dependant configuration, the second valve can only be used in combination with the F attachment as they are connected in series. Bass trombones are found in many ensembles groups such as orchestras, big bands and brass bands. The lowest sounding member of the trombone family is the the Contrabass Trombone which is also the largest member.
It has been produced in different keys throughout history, although the common contemporary instrument is pitched in F, a perfect fourth lower than the tenor trombone. The lengthened slide is limited to five or six positions, so two rotary valves are used to access the missing notes.
The contrabass trombone is occasionally used in the orchestra, requiring a fourth player to join the trombone section. Here it is primarily used harmonically rather than melodically, adding depth to the brass sound. The pedal notes are often hard to play on the alto trombone, and although the instrument is smaller, the high notes are not significantly easier to play than on the tenor trombone. The alto trombone is therefore not primarily used to simply play high notes, and is rather used for its brighter, nimbler tone.
Some alto trombones have a rotary valve that transposes the instrument down into Bb like the tenor trombone. Alto trombones are sometimes used in the orchestra, playing the first trombone part in the trombone section.
This was a common practice in the classical era , so we often use the alto trombone for composers like Mozart, Beethoven, and Schubert. The alto trombone can also be used as a solo instrument, have a listen to this album of alto trombone concerti:.
The Soprano Trombone is in the key of Bb, but an octave higher than the tenor trombone. Often the soprano is used as a humorous novelty, or by trumpeters who want to employ glissando sliding between pitches. Very occasionally, the instrument will be used as the top voice in a trombone choir a group of trombones playing together. The soprano trombone is notoriously difficult to play in tune, as the slide positions are so small.
Skip to in this video to see Wycliffe Gordon a jazz trombonist play the soprano trombone to great effect:. These trombones are even smaller than the soprano trombone, pitched at Eb and Bb respectively like the alto and soprano trombones up an octave. The Sopranino Trombone is very rarely used, featuring only occasionally in trombone choirs. Because it is so simple, it is quite popular with beginners who need an inexpensive and easy instrument to play.
An alto trombone is set to the key of Eb or F, making it higher pitch than the Tenor trombone. Often, it may include a valve attachment that extends its range to a Bb or D. Most musicians use the Alto in bands or orchestras to play the higher parts of the composition. Their slides are a little shorter than the other types. A part of the reason lies in the fact that the Tenor trombone can almost always cover the entire range of the Alto. Consequently, you might not need it if you already have the Tenor.
Similar to how the Alto plays the higher notes, the Bass trombone plays the lower ones. It is pitched to the key of Bb. With the addition of two valves, you can easily extend the range of the bass trombone to D or F. It consists of a larger bell than a tenor trombone. On the other hand, due to the extended range, you can easily perform solos with this instrument.
The valves allow you to produce unique and low tones. In fact, famous composers specifically developed it because they could not find the appropriate trombone to use for their music. It is pitched to C or Bb. It produces sounds an octave lower than the tenor trombone. The unique part about it is that it includes double slides which allow for greater control. It owes its unpopularity to the fact that it is hard to play.
Not to mention that other instruments can easily play the parts designed for a Soprano. It has a very small slide and is often referred to as a slide trumpet. In fact, its mouthpiece and sound resemble more to that of a trumpet than a trombone. You can play it to the key of Bb but it tends to be an octave higher than the Tenor trombone. The Piccolo trombone is ones of the smallest trumpets. It measures about one-fourth of the size of a straight tenor trombone.
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